How old is the element tin

Next week the substance that makes you see red. If you are listening to this podcast on a computer with a traditional colour monitor Europium will be enhancing your view of the Chemistry World website. When colour TVs were first developed, the red pixels were relatively weak, which meant the whole colour spectrum had to be kept muted. But a phosphor doped with europium proved a much better, brighter source of red and is still present in most surviving monitors and TVs that predate the flat screen revolution.

And you can hear from Brian Clegg how the power of Europium was harnessed in the first place and how it was discovered on next week's Chemistry in its Element, I hope you can join us. Until then, I'm Chris Smith, thank you for listening and goodbye. Chemistry in its element is brought to you by the Royal Society of Chemistry and produced by thenakedscientists.

There's more information and other episodes of Chemistry in its element on our website at chemistryworld. Click here to view videos about Tin. View videos about. Help Text. Learn Chemistry : Your single route to hundreds of free-to-access chemistry teaching resources. We hope that you enjoy your visit to this Site. We welcome your feedback. Data W. Haynes, ed. Version 1. Coursey, D.

Schwab, J. Tsai, and R. Dragoset, Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions version 4. Periodic Table of Videos , accessed December Podcasts Produced by The Naked Scientists. Download our free Periodic Table app for mobile phones and tablets. Explore all elements. D Dysprosium Dubnium Darmstadtium. E Europium Erbium Einsteinium. F Fluorine Francium Fermium Flerovium. G Gallium Germanium Gadolinium Gold. I Iron Indium Iodine Iridium. K Krypton. O Oxygen Osmium Oganesson. U Uranium. V Vanadium.

X Xenon. Y Yttrium Ytterbium. Z Zinc Zirconium. Membership Become a member Connect with others Supporting individuals Supporting organisations Manage my membership. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Youtube. Discovery date. Discovered by. Origin of the name. The name comes from the Anglo-Saxon 'tin'. Melting point. Boiling point. Atomic number. Relative atomic mass. Key isotopes. Electron configuration. CAS number. ChemSpider ID. ChemSpider is a free chemical structure database.

Electronegativity Pauling scale. Common oxidation states. Atomic mass. Half life. Mode of decay. Relative supply risk. Crustal abundance ppm. Top 3 producers. This element is a solid. Tin is classified in the 'Other Metals' section which can be located in groups 13, 14, and 15 of the Periodic Table. All of these elements are solid, have a relatively high density and are opaque. It is quite malleable and can be rolled out into very thin sheets, forming tin foil; most tin foil, however, contains a good deal of Lead.

Under ordinary conditions it is quite unchanged by air or moisture, but at a high temperature it burns in air, forming the oxide SnO 2. Dilute acids have no effect upon it, but concentrated acids attack it readily.

For additional facts and information refer to Tin Properties. Used in bronze implements including weapons and tools as early as 3, BC. First believed to have been mined in Cornwall in South-East England. Tin was first smelted in combination with Copper about BC to produce bronze and brass. Archaeological evidence suggests that people have been using tin for at least years. Tin is primarily obtained from the mineral cassiterite SnO 2 and is extracted by roasting cassiterite in a furnace with carbon.

Tin makes up only about 0. Two allotropes of tin occur near room temperature. The first form of tin is called gray tin and is stable at temperatures below There are few, if any, uses for gray tin. At temperatures above White tin is the normal form of the metal and has many uses. Unfortunately, white tin will turn into gray tin if its temperature falls below Copper and other metals are mixed with tin to make pewter, which was once a common metal for tableware.

And window glass gets its silky smooth surface from a mold of molten tin, a method called the Pilkington process. Recently, tech researchers have gotten excited about graphene , a single-atom layer of carbon that is both harder than diamonds and stretchable like rubber. It's entirely possible that the next high-tech advance like graphene will come from humble tin. Stanene is special because it is the first material able to conduct electricity with percent efficiency at room temperature.

The addition of a few fluorine atoms maintains this efficiency up to and beyond the temperatures at which computer chips operate — up to about F C. Xu and his team, including physicist Shoucheng Zhang at Stanford, knew they needed a heavy element with the properties of a so-called "topological insulator.

Tin hadn't been studied for this purpose before. But Xu and his colleagues found that when tin atoms are arranged in a single, honeycomb layer, the elements' properties change. It becomes a perfect conductor of electricity at room temperature, with not a single stray electron lost, the researchers reported in November Electronics made with stanene should thus produce less heat and draw less power than their silicon counterparts.